Bone is an active and living tissue that undergoes constant renewal throughout life.
Bone is renewed by the process of bone remodeling.
In remodeling of our tissue there is a continuous balance between the activities of two major types of cells within a basis multi cellular unit.
The first type of cell is the bone reabsorbing cell called osteoclasts.
The second one is the bone forming cell called as osteoblast.
You must be informed that our bones constantly adapt to daily damage.
This so called remodeling is an essential process not only to young ones but to adults too.
In daily activities done by each person, our body undergo frequent micro damage.
This micro damage increases the fragility of the bone.
Bone remodeling begins with the resorption phase.
In this phase, it attracts precursor cells also known as pre osteoclasts from the marrows of your body.
These cells differentiate and fuse to form the bone reabsorbing cells called as osteoclasts.
Osteoclasts reabsorb bone by secreting hydrochloric acid and proteolytic enzymes onto the bone surface which leads to a resorption cavity.
After which it is followed by the reversal phase.
This is a brief phase compared to the first one.
The osteoclasts disappear through apoptosis.
Then, the resorption cavity becomes lined by the attraction of the pre osteoblast from the marrow on our body.
This will be followed by the reformation phase wherein the cells replicate and differentiate to form osteoblast.
As it was mentioned before, osteoblast is a bone forming cell that is responsible for the production of the matrix system of our body.
The osteoblast secrete osteoid matrix which begins to mineralize to become new bone.
The overall process of bone remodeling involves tight coordination between the activities of osteoblast and osteoclasts.
That is why in healthy adults, there is a balance between bone resorption and formation phase.