Doppler Evaluation of Erectile Dysfunction - Part 1
Doppler Evaluation of Erectile Dysfunction - Part 1
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the consistent inability to achieve and maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual activity. Erectile dysfunction affects as many as 30 million men in America, with an increasing prevalence with age. Erectile dysfunction is secondary to organic, psychogenic and combined causes. The first part of this review article describes the guidelines for evaluation and treatment plans for men with ED. It also describes the normal sonographic anatomy of the penis, sonographic technique for evaluation of ED and the normal phases of erection.
National Institutes of Health defines erectile dysfunction (ED) as the consistent inability to achieve and maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual activity. Erectile dysfunction affects as many as 30 million American men. The disorder is associated with age, with a 39% prevalence at the age of 40 years and a 67% prevalence at the age of 70 years. Massachusetts Male Aging Study reported on 52% of men aged 40–70 years having some degree of erectile difficulty.
Erectile dysfunction includes organic, psychogenic and combined causes. Organic causes are found in 80–90% of patients and include vasculogenic (arterial, cavernosal and mixed), neurogenic, anatomic and endocrine causes. Psychogenic disorders with ED are performance anxiety, depression and inhibited sexual desire.
Guidelines for evaluation and treatment plans for men with ED have usually suggested a stepwise model.
Abstract and Introduction
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the consistent inability to achieve and maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual activity. Erectile dysfunction affects as many as 30 million men in America, with an increasing prevalence with age. Erectile dysfunction is secondary to organic, psychogenic and combined causes. The first part of this review article describes the guidelines for evaluation and treatment plans for men with ED. It also describes the normal sonographic anatomy of the penis, sonographic technique for evaluation of ED and the normal phases of erection.
Introduction
National Institutes of Health defines erectile dysfunction (ED) as the consistent inability to achieve and maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual activity. Erectile dysfunction affects as many as 30 million American men. The disorder is associated with age, with a 39% prevalence at the age of 40 years and a 67% prevalence at the age of 70 years. Massachusetts Male Aging Study reported on 52% of men aged 40–70 years having some degree of erectile difficulty.
Erectile dysfunction includes organic, psychogenic and combined causes. Organic causes are found in 80–90% of patients and include vasculogenic (arterial, cavernosal and mixed), neurogenic, anatomic and endocrine causes. Psychogenic disorders with ED are performance anxiety, depression and inhibited sexual desire.
Guidelines for evaluation and treatment plans for men with ED have usually suggested a stepwise model.
