Preparation

• 1). Treat the stain as quickly as you can after it occurs. The longer a stain goes untreated, the more likely it is to become permanent.
  
  
• 2). Make an effort to identify the type of upholstery fabric you're working with. If you can't find a label, try the manufacturer's web site or the store where you purchased the piece. Certain fabrics are more stain-resistant and easier to clean, including many synthetics such as nylon blends, acetate, polyester and microfiber. Natural materials such as linen, silk, wool and cotton can shrink, wrinkle, pill or show water damage. Cotton blends tend to clean up well and are especially durable.
  
  
• 3). Vacuum the furniture piece with a brush attachment beforehand to remove dust and loosen stain particles. Vacuum again after treating the stain to remove any remnants left behind.
  
  

Stain Removal

• 1). Use a clean white rag or towel. For liquid spills that are still wet, lay the towel over the stain and press down to absorb as much moisture as possible. Leave the towel in place for 30 minutes or so to increase absorption.
  
  
• 2). Begin with cool or lukewarm water. A note on water temperature: Warm water works better to dissolve a stain, though if the water is too hot it can cause a stain to set. Use cool water for blood or food stains, warm for inorganic stains.
  
  
• 3). Pretest a small area of fabric in an out-of-the-way spot, such as the back corner of a couch or chair. Allow to dry. If you observe any discoloration or shrinkage, consult a professional cleaner.
  
  
• 4). If the test goes well, use the rag and water to dab at the stain. Do not scrub. Textured fabrics are especially prone to damage or pilling if scrubbed. Work from the outside of the stain to the center to keep a water ring from forming. If the upholstery has been treated with Scotchgard or another protective substance, many stains will come clean with plain water alone.
  
  
• 5). Add 1 tsp. of mild powder detergent or liquid soap to a cup of warm water if plain water doesn't do the trick. For a more natural alternative, try a teaspoon of baking soda or white vinegar instead. Always apply the mixture to a hidden spot first to test for any reaction with the fabric.
  
  
• 6). Dab at the stain with the detergent mixture. Dab again with clear water to rinse, then allow to dry. Use a dry towel to absorb excess water if necessary.
  
  
• 7). If the stain persists, try a commercial stain remover such as Resolve or a dry cleaning solvent. Start with a small amount and apply with a toothbrush or other soft-bristled brush. Rinse and dry as above.